{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-} {-# LANGUAGE Rank2Types #-} {-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-} {-# LANGUAGE FunctionalDependencies #-} #ifdef TRUSTWORTHY {-# LANGUAGE Trustworthy #-} #endif #ifndef MIN_VERSION_bytestring #define MIN_VERSION_bytestring(x,y,z) 1 #endif ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | -- Module : Control.Lens.Iso -- Copyright : (C) 2012-14 Edward Kmett -- License : BSD-style (see the file LICENSE) -- Maintainer : Edward Kmett <ekmett@gmail.com> -- Stability : provisional -- Portability : Rank2Types -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- module Control.Lens.Iso ( -- * Isomorphism Lenses Iso, Iso' , AnIso, AnIso' -- * Isomorphism Construction , iso -- * Consuming Isomorphisms , from , cloneIso , withIso -- * Working with isomorphisms , au , auf , under , mapping -- ** Common Isomorphisms , simple , non, non' , anon , enum , curried, uncurried , flipped , Swapped(..) , Strict(..) , lazy , Reversing(..), reversed , involuted -- ** Uncommon Isomorphisms , magma , imagma , Magma -- ** Contravariant functors , contramapping -- * Profunctors , Profunctor(dimap,rmap,lmap) , dimapping , lmapping , rmapping -- * Bifunctors , bimapping ) where import Control.Lens.Equality (simple) import Control.Lens.Fold import Control.Lens.Internal.Context import Control.Lens.Internal.Indexed import Control.Lens.Internal.Iso as Iso import Control.Lens.Internal.Magma import Control.Lens.Prism import Control.Lens.Review import Control.Lens.Type import Control.Monad.State.Lazy as Lazy import Control.Monad.State.Strict as Strict import Control.Monad.Writer.Lazy as Lazy import Control.Monad.Writer.Strict as Strict import Control.Monad.RWS.Lazy as Lazy import Control.Monad.RWS.Strict as Strict import Data.ByteString as StrictB hiding (reverse) import Data.ByteString.Lazy as LazyB hiding (reverse) import Data.Functor.Contravariant import Data.Functor.Identity import Data.Text as StrictT hiding (reverse) import Data.Text.Lazy as LazyT hiding (reverse) import Data.Tuple (swap) import Data.Maybe import Data.Profunctor import Data.Profunctor.Unsafe #ifdef HLINT {-# ANN module "HLint: ignore Use on" #-} #endif -- $setup -- >>> :set -XNoOverloadedStrings -- >>> import Control.Lens -- >>> import Data.Map as Map -- >>> import Data.Foldable -- >>> import Data.Monoid ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Isomorphisms ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | When you see this as an argument to a function, it expects an 'Iso'. type AnIso s t a b = Exchange a b a (Identity b) -> Exchange a b s (Identity t) -- | A 'Simple' 'AnIso'. type AnIso' s a = AnIso s s a a -- | Build a simple isomorphism from a pair of inverse functions. -- -- @ -- 'Control.Lens.Getter.view' ('iso' f g) ≡ f -- 'Control.Lens.Getter.view' ('Control.Lens.Iso.from' ('iso' f g)) ≡ g -- 'Control.Lens.Setter.over' ('iso' f g) h ≡ g '.' h '.' f -- 'Control.Lens.Setter.over' ('Control.Lens.Iso.from' ('iso' f g)) h ≡ f '.' h '.' g -- @ iso :: (s -> a) -> (b -> t) -> Iso s t a b iso sa bt = dimap sa (fmap bt) {-# INLINE iso #-} ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Consuming Isomorphisms ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | Invert an isomorphism. -- -- @ -- 'from' ('from' l) ≡ l -- @ from :: AnIso s t a b -> Iso b a t s from l = withIso l $ \ sa bt -> iso bt sa {-# INLINE from #-} -- | Extract the two functions, one from @s -> a@ and -- one from @b -> t@ that characterize an 'Iso'. withIso :: AnIso s t a b -> ((s -> a) -> (b -> t) -> r) -> r withIso ai k = case ai (Exchange id Identity) of Exchange sa bt -> k sa (runIdentity #. bt) {-# INLINE withIso #-} -- | Convert from 'AnIso' back to any 'Iso'. -- -- This is useful when you need to store an isomorphism as a data type inside a container -- and later reconstitute it as an overloaded function. -- -- See 'Control.Lens.Lens.cloneLens' or 'Control.Lens.Traversal.cloneTraversal' for more information on why you might want to do this. cloneIso :: AnIso s t a b -> Iso s t a b cloneIso k = withIso k iso {-# INLINE cloneIso #-} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Isomorphisms families as Lenses ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | Based on 'Control.Lens.Wrapped.ala' from Conor McBride's work on Epigram. -- -- This version is generalized to accept any 'Iso', not just a @newtype@. -- -- >>> au (_Wrapping Sum) foldMap [1,2,3,4] -- 10 au :: AnIso s t a b -> ((b -> t) -> e -> s) -> e -> a au k = withIso k $ \ sa bt f e -> sa (f bt e) {-# INLINE au #-} -- | Based on @ala'@ from Conor McBride's work on Epigram. -- -- This version is generalized to accept any 'Iso', not just a @newtype@. -- -- For a version you pass the name of the @newtype@ constructor to, see 'Control.Lens.Wrapped.alaf'. -- -- Mnemonically, the German /auf/ plays a similar role to /à la/, and the combinator -- is 'au' with an extra function argument. -- -- >>> auf (_Unwrapping Sum) (foldMapOf both) Prelude.length ("hello","world") -- 10 auf :: Profunctor p => AnIso s t a b -> (p r a -> e -> b) -> p r s -> e -> t auf k = withIso k $ \ sa bt f g e -> bt (f (rmap sa g) e) {-# INLINE auf #-} -- | The opposite of working 'Control.Lens.Setter.over' a 'Setter' is working 'under' an isomorphism. -- -- @ -- 'under' ≡ 'Control.Lens.Setter.over' '.' 'from' -- @ -- -- @ -- 'under' :: 'Iso' s t a b -> (t -> s) -> b -> a -- @ under :: AnIso s t a b -> (t -> s) -> b -> a under k = withIso k $ \ sa bt ts -> sa . ts . bt {-# INLINE under #-} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Isomorphisms ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- | This isomorphism can be used to convert to or from an instance of 'Enum'. -- -- >>> LT^.from enum -- 0 -- -- >>> 97^.enum :: Char -- 'a' -- -- Note: this is only an isomorphism from the numeric range actually used -- and it is a bit of a pleasant fiction, since there are questionable -- 'Enum' instances for 'Double', and 'Float' that exist solely for -- @[1.0 .. 4.0]@ sugar and the instances for those and 'Integer' don't -- cover all values in their range. enum :: Enum a => Iso' Int a enum = iso toEnum fromEnum {-# INLINE enum #-} -- | This can be used to lift any 'Iso' into an arbitrary 'Functor'. mapping :: (Functor f, Functor g) => AnIso s t a b -> Iso (f s) (g t) (f a) (g b) mapping k = withIso k $ \ sa bt -> iso (fmap sa) (fmap bt) {-# INLINE mapping #-} -- | If @v@ is an element of a type @a@, and @a'@ is @a@ sans the element @v@, then @'non' v@ is an isomorphism from -- @'Maybe' a'@ to @a@. -- -- @ -- 'non' ≡ 'non'' '.' 'only' -- @ -- -- Keep in mind this is only a real isomorphism if you treat the domain as being @'Maybe' (a sans v)@. -- -- This is practically quite useful when you want to have a 'Data.Map.Map' where all the entries should have non-zero values. -- -- >>> Map.fromList [("hello",1)] & at "hello" . non 0 +~ 2 -- fromList [("hello",3)] -- -- >>> Map.fromList [("hello",1)] & at "hello" . non 0 -~ 1 -- fromList [] -- -- >>> Map.fromList [("hello",1)] ^. at "hello" . non 0 -- 1 -- -- >>> Map.fromList [] ^. at "hello" . non 0 -- 0 -- -- This combinator is also particularly useful when working with nested maps. -- -- /e.g./ When you want to create the nested 'Data.Map.Map' when it is missing: -- -- >>> Map.empty & at "hello" . non Map.empty . at "world" ?~ "!!!" -- fromList [("hello",fromList [("world","!!!")])] -- -- and when have deleting the last entry from the nested 'Data.Map.Map' mean that we -- should delete its entry from the surrounding one: -- -- >>> fromList [("hello",fromList [("world","!!!")])] & at "hello" . non Map.empty . at "world" .~ Nothing -- fromList [] -- -- It can also be used in reverse to exclude a given value: -- -- >>> non 0 # rem 10 4 -- Just 2 -- -- >>> non 0 # rem 10 5 -- Nothing non :: Eq a => a -> Iso' (Maybe a) a non = non' . only {-# INLINE non #-} -- | @'non'' p@ generalizes @'non' (p # ())@ to take any unit 'Prism' -- -- This function generates an isomorphism between @'Maybe' (a | 'isn't' p a)@ and @a@. -- -- >>> Map.singleton "hello" Map.empty & at "hello" . non' _Empty . at "world" ?~ "!!!" -- fromList [("hello",fromList [("world","!!!")])] -- -- >>> fromList [("hello",fromList [("world","!!!")])] & at "hello" . non' _Empty . at "world" .~ Nothing -- fromList [] non' :: APrism' a () -> Iso' (Maybe a) a non' p = iso (fromMaybe def) go where def = review (clonePrism p) () go b | has (clonePrism p) b = Nothing | otherwise = Just b {-# INLINE non' #-} -- | @'anon' a p@ generalizes @'non' a@ to take any value and a predicate. -- -- This function assumes that @p a@ holds @'True'@ and generates an isomorphism between @'Maybe' (a | 'not' (p a))@ and @a@. -- -- >>> Map.empty & at "hello" . anon Map.empty Map.null . at "world" ?~ "!!!" -- fromList [("hello",fromList [("world","!!!")])] -- -- >>> fromList [("hello",fromList [("world","!!!")])] & at "hello" . anon Map.empty Map.null . at "world" .~ Nothing -- fromList [] anon :: a -> (a -> Bool) -> Iso' (Maybe a) a anon a p = iso (fromMaybe a) go where go b | p b = Nothing | otherwise = Just b {-# INLINE anon #-} -- | The canonical isomorphism for currying and uncurrying a function. -- -- @ -- 'curried' = 'iso' 'curry' 'uncurry' -- @ -- -- >>> (fst^.curried) 3 4 -- 3 -- -- >>> view curried fst 3 4 -- 3 curried :: Iso ((a,b) -> c) ((d,e) -> f) (a -> b -> c) (d -> e -> f) curried = iso curry uncurry {-# INLINE curried #-} -- | The canonical isomorphism for uncurrying and currying a function. -- -- @ -- 'uncurried' = 'iso' 'uncurry' 'curry' -- @ -- -- @ -- 'uncurried' = 'from' 'curried' -- @ -- -- >>> ((+)^.uncurried) (1,2) -- 3 uncurried :: Iso (a -> b -> c) (d -> e -> f) ((a,b) -> c) ((d,e) -> f) uncurried = iso uncurry curry {-# INLINE uncurried #-} -- | The isomorphism for flipping a function. -- -- >>>((,)^.flipped) 1 2 -- (2,1) flipped :: Iso (a -> b -> c) (a' -> b' -> c') (b -> a -> c) (b' -> a' -> c') flipped = iso flip flip {-# INLINE flipped #-} -- | This class provides for symmetric bifunctors. class Bifunctor p => Swapped p where -- | -- @ -- 'swapped' '.' 'swapped' ≡ 'id' -- 'first' f '.' 'swapped' = 'swapped' '.' 'second' f -- 'second' g '.' 'swapped' = 'swapped' '.' 'first' g -- 'bimap' f g '.' 'swapped' = 'swapped' '.' 'bimap' g f -- @ -- -- >>> (1,2)^.swapped -- (2,1) swapped :: Iso (p a b) (p c d) (p b a) (p d c) instance Swapped (,) where swapped = iso swap swap instance Swapped Either where swapped = iso (either Right Left) (either Right Left) -- | Ad hoc conversion between \"strict\" and \"lazy\" versions of a structure, -- such as 'StrictT.Text' or 'StrictB.ByteString'. class Strict lazy strict | lazy -> strict, strict -> lazy where strict :: Iso' lazy strict instance Strict LazyB.ByteString StrictB.ByteString where #if MIN_VERSION_bytestring(0,10,0) strict = iso LazyB.toStrict LazyB.fromStrict #else strict = iso (StrictB.concat . LazyB.toChunks) (LazyB.fromChunks . return) #endif {-# INLINE strict #-} instance Strict LazyT.Text StrictT.Text where strict = iso LazyT.toStrict LazyT.fromStrict {-# INLINE strict #-} instance Strict (Lazy.StateT s m a) (Strict.StateT s m a) where strict = iso (Strict.StateT . Lazy.runStateT) (Lazy.StateT . Strict.runStateT) {-# INLINE strict #-} instance Strict (Lazy.WriterT w m a) (Strict.WriterT w m a) where strict = iso (Strict.WriterT . Lazy.runWriterT) (Lazy.WriterT . Strict.runWriterT) {-# INLINE strict #-} instance Strict (Lazy.RWST r w s m a) (Strict.RWST r w s m a) where strict = iso (Strict.RWST . Lazy.runRWST) (Lazy.RWST . Strict.runRWST) {-# INLINE strict #-} -- | An 'Iso' between the strict variant of a structure and its lazy -- counterpart. -- -- @ -- 'lazy' = 'from' 'strict' -- @ -- -- See <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/strict-base-types> for an example -- use. lazy :: Strict lazy strict => Iso' strict lazy lazy = from strict -- | An 'Iso' between a list, 'ByteString', 'Text' fragment, etc. and its reversal. -- -- >>> "live" ^. reversed -- "evil" -- -- >>> "live" & reversed %~ ('d':) -- "lived" reversed :: Reversing a => Iso' a a reversed = involuted Iso.reversing -- | Given a function that is its own inverse, this gives you an 'Iso' using it in both directions. -- -- @ -- 'involuted' ≡ 'Control.Monad.join' 'iso' -- @ -- -- >>> "live" ^. involuted reverse -- "evil" -- -- >>> "live" & involuted reverse %~ ('d':) -- "lived" involuted :: (a -> a) -> Iso' a a involuted a = iso a a {-# INLINE involuted #-} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Magma ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- | This isomorphism can be used to inspect a 'Traversal' to see how it associates -- the structure and it can also be used to bake the 'Traversal' into a 'Magma' so -- that you can traverse over it multiple times. magma :: LensLike (Mafic a b) s t a b -> Iso s u (Magma Int t b a) (Magma j u c c) magma l = iso (runMafic `rmap` l sell) runMagma {-# INLINE magma #-} -- | This isomorphism can be used to inspect an 'IndexedTraversal' to see how it associates -- the structure and it can also be used to bake the 'IndexedTraversal' into a 'Magma' so -- that you can traverse over it multiple times with access to the original indices. imagma :: Over (Indexed i) (Molten i a b) s t a b -> Iso s t' (Magma i t b a) (Magma j t' c c) imagma l = iso (runMolten #. l sell) (iextract .# Molten) {-# INLINE imagma #-} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Contravariant ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- | Lift an 'Iso' into a 'Contravariant' functor. -- -- @ -- contramapping :: 'Contravariant' f => 'Iso' s t a b -> 'Iso' (f a) (f b) (f s) (f t) -- contramapping :: 'Contravariant' f => 'Iso'' s a -> 'Iso'' (f a) (f s) -- @ contramapping :: Contravariant f => AnIso s t a b -> Iso (f a) (f b) (f s) (f t) contramapping f = withIso f $ \ sa bt -> iso (contramap sa) (contramap bt) {-# INLINE contramapping #-} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Profunctor ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- | Lift two 'Iso's into both arguments of a 'Profunctor' simultaneously. -- -- @ -- dimapping :: 'Profunctor' p => 'Iso' s t a b -> 'Iso' s' t' a' b' -> 'Iso' (p a s') (p b t') (p s a') (p t b') -- dimapping :: 'Profunctor' p => 'Iso'' s a -> 'Iso'' s' a' -> 'Iso'' (p a s') (p s a') -- @ dimapping :: (Profunctor p, Profunctor q) => AnIso s t a b -> AnIso s' t' a' b' -> Iso (p a s') (q b t') (p s a') (q t b') dimapping f g = withIso f $ \ sa bt -> withIso g $ \ s'a' b't' -> iso (dimap sa s'a') (dimap bt b't') {-# INLINE dimapping #-} -- | Lift an 'Iso' contravariantly into the left argument of a 'Profunctor'. -- -- @ -- lmapping :: 'Profunctor' p => 'Iso' s t a b -> 'Iso' (p a x) (p b y) (p s x) (p t y) -- lmapping :: 'Profunctor' p => 'Iso'' s a -> 'Iso'' (p a x) (p s x) -- @ lmapping :: (Profunctor p, Profunctor q) => AnIso s t a b -> Iso (p a x) (q b y) (p s x) (q t y) lmapping f = withIso f $ \ sa bt -> iso (lmap sa) (lmap bt) {-# INLINE lmapping #-} -- | Lift an 'Iso' covariantly into the right argument of a 'Profunctor'. -- -- @ -- rmapping :: 'Profunctor' p => 'Iso' s t a b -> 'Iso' (p x s) (p y t) (p x a) (p y b) -- rmapping :: 'Profunctor' p => 'Iso'' s a -> 'Iso'' (p x s) (p x a) -- @ rmapping :: (Profunctor p, Profunctor q) => AnIso s t a b -> Iso (p x s) (q y t) (p x a) (q y b) rmapping g = withIso g $ \ sa bt -> iso (rmap sa) (rmap bt) {-# INLINE rmapping #-} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Bifunctor ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- | Lift two 'Iso's into both arguments of a 'Bifunctor'. -- -- @ -- bimapping :: 'Profunctor' p => 'Iso' s t a b -> 'Iso' s' t' a' b' -> 'Iso' (p s s') (p t t') (p a a') (p b b') -- bimapping :: 'Profunctor' p => 'Iso'' s a -> 'Iso'' s' a' -> 'Iso'' (p s s') (p a a') -- @ bimapping :: (Bifunctor f, Bifunctor g) => AnIso s t a b -> AnIso s' t' a' b' -> Iso (f s s') (g t t') (f a a') (g b b') bimapping f g = withIso f $ \ sa bt -> withIso g $ \s'a' b't' -> iso (bimap sa s'a') (bimap bt b't') {-# INLINE bimapping #-}